Van Dijk missed the Reds' 3-0 win over Aston Villa on Sunday after serving a one-game ban for the red card, which he received for a foul on Newcastle's Alexander Isak in the first half.
The Dutch centre-back was then hit with a charge by the Football Association (FA) for using abusive language towards referee John Brooks and fourth official Craig Pawson before heading down the tunnel at St James' Park.
Van Dijk has now admitted the charge and will miss Liverpool's next fixture against Wolves on September 16th when Premier League action returns following the international break.
An FA statement on Friday read: "Virgil van Dijk has been suspended for one match and fined £100,000 for breaching FA Rule E3.1 during Liverpool's Premier League fixture against Newcastle United on Sunday 27 August.
"The defender admitted that he acted in an improper manner and used abusive and insulting words towards a match official after being sent off in the 29th minute, and the sanctions were subsequently imposed by an independent Regulatory Commission.
"The FA will publish written reasons for the case in due course."
Van Dijk is currently on international duty with the Netherlands and played the full 90 minutes in his side's 3-0 win against Greece on Thursday.
Earlier in the week, he told reporters the incident at Newcastle was "not typical" of his character and he is already looking forward to returning to the Liverpool fold.