Wolves said the deal for the Belgium-born right wing-back included a 12-month option. No financial details were given, but the BBC put a £10.8 million price tag on the signing.
Tchatchoua was recorded hitting a speed of 36.3kph last season, according to the club, and scored two goals with three assists.
The 23-year-old is Wolves' fourth new signing of the transfer window.
"The Premier League is one of my dreams and it's one step that I want to do in my life, and also the history of the club, the stadium, the fans, this convinced me," he said.