The charge relates to an assault that allegedly took place on 6 December last year at a nightclub on Wardour Street.
"Ivan Toney, 30, of Northampton, was charged on Thursday, 31 July with assault causing actual bodily harm," the police said in a statement.
"He will appear at Westminster Magistrates' Court on Thursday, 24 September."
Toney, who plays for Saudi Pro League club Al Ahli and scored 42 goals last season, was also in the England squad for the 2026 World Cup.
Reuters has contacted Toney's representatives for comment.