The test, performed after Juve's 3-0 victory at Udinese in Serie A on August 20th, detected testosterone, a hormone that increases athletes' endurance.
"In acceptance of the instance proposed by the National Anti-doping Prosecutor, it has provided for the provisional suspension of the athlete Paul Labile Pogba," NADO Italia said in a statement.
The tribunal said Pogba had violated anti-doping rules when they found the prohibited substance "non-endogenous testosterone metabolites", adding that the results were "consistent with the exogenous origin of the target compounds".
Pogba was an unused substitute in the win at Udinese.
He has had a torrid second spell with Juve due to injuries since he returned to the Turin-based club following his departure from Manchester United last year.
The 2018 World Cup winner barely played last season due to knee and hamstring injuries as well as a knee surgery which prevented him from playing for France at the World Cup in Qatar.
Pogba has yet to start a game this season but has made two substitute appearances, last playing in the 2-0 win at Empoli.
Juventus did not immediately respond to a request for comment.