From disallowed goals to phantom penalties, these decisions have not only changed match results but altered the course of entire seasons.
Here are five Premier League VAR controversies that fans, managers and players still cannot forget.
Luis Diaz's disallowed goal - Tottenham v Liverpool, 2023
Liverpool's Luis Diaz scored what looked like a legitimate opener.
The assistant referee flagged for offside, but replays showed he was clearly onside. VAR officials Darren England and Dan Cook failed to intervene, mistakenly believing the on-field decision was a goal.
Liverpool would go on to lose that match 2-1, and afterwards, the then Reds boss Jurgen Klopp called it "the most unfair situation I have ever seen" and demanded "solutions, not just apologies".
PGMOL admitted "significant human error", and both officials were removed from upcoming matches.
The incident reignited calls for semi-automated offside technology in the Premier League.
Bruno Fernandes red card - Manchester United v Tottenham, 2024
Referee Chris Kavanagh sent off Fernandes for a perceived high challenge on Destiny Udogie in the first half of Manchester United's 3-0 defeat to Spurs at Old Trafford.
VAR did not downgrade the decision, but United appealed, and the red card and three-match ban for their captain were eventually overturned.
Erik ten Hag, manager of United at the time, said the tackle was "absolutely not a sending off".
The match result stood, with United having played over 30 minutes with 10 men.
Critics pointed out that VAR's failure to intervene had a direct impact on the scoreline, with a resulting panel stating Fernandes' contact was "high but certainly not excessive force or endangering the safety," and that "the evidence is also there for a VAR intervention."
Controversial West Ham penalty - West Ham v Manchester United, 2024
In stoppage time, with the match at West Ham's London Stadium finely poised at 1-1, Matthijs de Ligt collided with Danny Ings in the box.
Referee David Coote waved play on, but VAR advised a review, leading to a penalty for West Ham, which Jarrod Bowen dispatched to seal a 2-1 win for the Hammers.
The Key Match Incident panel later ruled it the most incorrect VAR decision of the season.
"Normally, I am always self-critical and can get annoyed about things I don't do well, but this was not my fault; I couldn't blame myself for it," De Ligt said afterwards.
David Moyes defended the call, saying it was "the right decision in real time", but the ruling cost United valuable points in the race for European qualification.
Ten Hag would find himself sacked by the club the next day.
Disallowed Wolves equaliser - Wolves v West Ham, 2024
Max Kilman thought he had equalised for Wolves in stoppage time, only for VAR to spot an offside in the build-up from substitute Tawanda Chirewa, who had not touched the ball.
West Ham would eventually hold on to record a 2-1 win at Molineux.
Wolves manager Gary O'Neil called the verdict "scandalous" and warned, "if that's the right decision, the game is gone."
Fans and pundits were hypercritical of the decision, but to rub salt into the wounds, the KMI later upheld the decision, stating: "Chirewa is clearly in an offside position, in the line of the goalkeeper's vision and in close proximity to the goalkeeper, which clearly impacts his decision-making.
"The attacker is making contact with the goalkeeper up until the ball is headed towards goal, which restricts what the goalkeeper is able to do."
Wolves just about stayed up, but that lost point kept them in a tense relegation fight until the final weeks of the season.
Toney's Brentford leveller - Arsenal v Brentford, 2023
The VAR officials failed to draw offside lines when assessing Ivan Toney's equaliser at the Emirates.
Brentford left with a 1-1 draw, and Arsenal dropped two crucial points.
Mikel Arteta said it was "not acceptable" and accused officials of "changing the rules".
"The action when you get blocked when you are offside - you cannot block if you are offside," the Arsenal boss fumed afterwards.
"You have to apply certain principles in defending, and you do that by sticking to the rules.
"Suddenly, you change the rules, and then you have to change your principles."
It was a particularly bad day for VAR, with Chelsea being denied a late penalty against West Ham after Tomas Soucek appeared to block Conor Gallagher's shot with his arm.
Brighton also had a goal incorrectly ruled out for offside because of a human error by VAR in their draw against rivals Crystal Palace.
Arsenal eventually finished just two points behind Manchester City - a gap small enough for the error to feel even more significant.