Canada, who had ended England's four-year unbeaten streak with a victory in Toronto last Friday, followed up that win with a superb performance in Ottawa.
Canada skipper De Goede was the hero for the home side, finishing with a 21-point haul at TD Place Stadium.
England took the lead with an early try from number eight Maddie Feaunati converted by fly-half Zoe Harrison.
But Canada came roaring back when Julia Omokhuale barged over from close range after a quick tap penalty in the 16th minute.
An English mix-up in midfield allowed De Goede to grab her first try shortly afterwards, which left Canada 12-7 up at the break.
England hit back with a Harrison penalty and a fine try by Amy Cokayne after an attacking line-out to edge into a 17-12 lead.
But De Goede added her second and third tries in quick succession to put Canada into a 24-17 lead, which they extended with Savannah Bauder's late score.
De Goede stroked over the conversion from the touchline to put Canada 31-17 ahead, before England grabbed a late consolation try from Emma Sing.